The skin's color, also known as pigmentation, can be affected by genetics, sun, hormones, and more. Different pigmentation issues can result from excess or lack of melanin.
**Exploring Skin Pigmentation Disorders**
1. **Hyperpigmentation**: Dark spots are caused by too much melanin. This includes:
- **Age Spots**: Spots from prolonged UV exposure.
- **Melasma**: Hormonal changes can cause melasma, leading to facial patches.
- **Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation (PIH)**: Darkened skin following acne, injuries, or irritation.
2. **Hypopigmentation**: Occurs when melanin production is low. Types include:
- **Vitiligo**: Autoimmune destruction of melanocytes.
- **Albinism**: Absence of melanin, affecting skin, hair, eyes.
**What Affects Pigmentation?**
- **Genetics**: Genes affect melanin levels.
- **Sun Exposure**: UV light can darken skin.
- **Hormones**: Hormonal shifts influence pigmentation.
- **Injury or Inflammation**: Injuries often leave darkened areas.
**Treating Pigmentation Issues**
Options for treating pigmentation involve:
- **Topical Products**: Containing ingredients like vitamin C.
- **Chemical Peels**: Remove damaged skin layers.
- **Laser Treatment**: Targets excess melanin.
- **Sun Protection**: UV protection helps prevent issues.
Understanding Skin Darkening and Lightening Issues
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